Glossary for nutritional advice

Nutritional advice – technical terms simply explained

The concept of holistic nutritional advice not only consists of different forms of nutrition, but also requires extensive specialist knowledge about all nutrients, hormones, vitamins and their effects on the body. The aim is to prevent illness due to poor/incorrect nutrition. To do this, it is essential to recognize the symptoms correctly and to strengthen the body’s functions and organs through a healthy diet.

In the following glossary you will find the most important nutritional advice terms with simple and brief explanations.

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A - DE - HI - LM - PQ - Z
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A

High-energy phosphate compound that releases energy when broken down.

B

Plant substances (fiber) that cannot be utilized by the small intestine

  • Soluble fiber = pectin (fruit)
  • Insoluble fiber = cellulose (vegetables)

have a positive effect on stomach filling and intestinal peristalsis.

C

Used to measure chemical substances (e.g., food), located in the intestine, among other places, and send messages to the brain about the amount of nutrients consumed.

D

“Diabetes” is divided into type I and type II diabetes.
Type I: Juvenile diabetes, develops in childhood/adolescence, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed, sugar remains in the blood, blood sugar levels rise
Type II: “Adult-onset diabetes,” the pancreas produces insulin, but the cells are resistant due to excessive secretion, which also leads to an increase in blood sugar levels

E

Prevents anemia, the requirement increases during growth, pregnancy, menstruation and competitive sports, natural sources include red meat, egg yolk, oysters, nuts, green leafy vegetables.

G

A measure used to determine the effect of a carbohydrate-containing food on blood sugar levels. The higher the value, the higher the rise in blood sugar levels.

H

Autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland; the thyroid gland becomes chronically inflamed due to the formation of antibodies that attack the body’s own thyroid tissue. The thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are no longer produced in sufficient quantities; this is the most common cause of hypothyroidism.

I

Hormone produced by the pancreas. Its main function is to stimulate the absorption of nutrients into the cell tissue. It is primarily released into the blood when carbohydrates are absorbed.

K

Metabolic breakdown, usually during illness or weight reduction.

L

“Leaky gut,” caused by too many carbohydrates/sugar, dairy products, alcohol; this makes the gut permeable to bacteria and antinutrients.

M

Is an intracellular mineral and is involved in almost all metabolic processes, making it extremely important. Natural sources include cashew nuts, bananas, green vegetables and hazelnuts.

N

Inflammatory reaction of the skin, which can be either chronic or intermittent. Symptoms include itching and dry, flaky skin. The exact causes are not yet known. Environmental factors and stress (both mental and physical) can trigger flare-ups or exacerbate symptoms.

O

Esophagus, food is transported through the SR into the stomach.

P

Pancreas, produces digestive secretions and hormones, e.g. insulin.

S

Carbohydrate chains (mono-, di-, poly-, oligosaccharides) are broken down into monosaccharides in the digestive tract and absorbed.

T

Trachea

V

Plant-based foods form the basis, avoiding products from dead animals.

W

Verhältnis von Taillen- zu Hüftumfang:

  • Männer <1,0
  • Frauen <0.85

Z

Essential for the immune system, the production and transport of insulin are zinc-dependent; natural sources include oysters, beef, lamb, poultry, nuts, eggs, and vegetables.